Search results for " Alcohols"

showing 10 items of 70 documents

Unravelling the biosynthesis of pyriculol in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

2017

Pyriculol was isolated from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and found to induce lesion formation on rice leaves. These findings suggest that it could be involved in virulence. The gene MoPKS19 was identified to encode a polyketide synthase essential for the production of the polyketide pyriculol in the rice blast fungus M. oryzae. The transcript abundance of MoPKS19 correlates with the biosynthesis rate of pyriculol in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, gene inactivation of MoPKS19 resulted in a mutant unable to produce pyriculol, pyriculariol and their dihydro derivatives. Inactivation of a putative oxidase-encoding gene MoC19OXR1, which was found to be located in the genome cl…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineMagnaportheMutantSecondary Metabolism01 natural sciencesMicrobiologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesPolyketideGene Expression Regulation FungalPolyketide synthaseAxenicGenePlant DiseasesRegulation of gene expressionbiologyFungal geneticsfood and beveragesOryzabiology.organism_classificationPlant LeavesMagnaporthe030104 developmental biologyBenzaldehydesMultigene FamilyPolyketidesbiology.proteinFatty AlcoholsPolyketide SynthasesTranscription FactorsResearch Article010606 plant biology & botanyMicrobiology
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Selective photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols in water by using P-doped g-C3N4

2018

A set of bare and P-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalysts has been prepared by thermal condensation of melamine, urea or thiourea. For the sake of comparison, a g-C3N4 sample obtained in the presence of cyanuric acid and thermally exfoliated C3N4 powders were also studied. The materials were physicochemically characterized and their photocatalytic activity was studied for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA), 4-methoxy benzyl alcohol (4-MBA) and piperonyl alcohol (PA) in water suspension both under UV and visible light irradiation. The influence of the type and position of the substituents on conversion and selectivity to aldehyde was remarkable. The presence of P…

02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryAromatic alcohols01 natural sciencesAldehydeCatalysisCatalysichemistry.chemical_compoundPhotocatalysiAromatic alcoholPhotocatalysisG-C3N4General Environmental ScienceDoped carbon nitridechemistry.chemical_classification2300ChemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGraphitic carbon nitride021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesThioureaBenzyl alcoholPhotocatalysisSelective oxidationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyMelamineCyanuric acidSelectivityNuclear chemistryApplied Catalysis B: Environmental
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Exposure to a Highly Caloric Palatable Diet During Pregestational and Gestational Periods Affects Hypothalamic and Hippocampal Endocannabinoid Levels…

2016

Journal Article; Exposure to unbalanced diets during pre-gestational and gestational periods may result in long-term alterations in metabolism and behavior. The contribution of the endocannabinoid system to these long-term adaptive responses is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of female rat exposure to a hypercaloric-hypoproteic palatable diet during pre-gestational, gestational and lactational periods on the development of male offspring. In addition, the hypothalamic and hippocampal endocannabinoid contents at birth and the behavioral performance in adulthood were investigated. Exposure to a palatable diet resulted in low weight offspring who exhibited low hypotha…

0301 basic medicine:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype [Medical Subject Headings]hippocampus:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Postpartum Period::Lactation [Medical Subject Headings]Anxiety:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Fat Distribution::Adiposity [Medical Subject Headings]Hippocampus:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Feeding Behavior::Food Preferences [Medical Subject Headings]Open fieldBehavioral NeuroscienceOleoylethanolamidechemistry.chemical_compound:Named Groups::Persons::Parents::Mothers [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicineLactation:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Maternal Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]maternal diethypothalamusMasculinoOriginal Research:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Nutrition Processes::Weaning [Medical Subject Headings]Adipogenesis:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Acyclic::Alkenes::Polyunsaturated Alkamides [Medical Subject Headings]AnandamideanxietyEndocannabinoid systemEtanolaminasEndocannabinoidesExposición maternaAlcamidas poliinsaturadasNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureAdiposidad:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Fatty Acids Monounsaturated::Oleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]CannabinoidesEmocionesGestationDieta:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Hormones Hormone Substitutes and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Fenotipo:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Terpenes::Cannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Palmitic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_specialtyOffspringCognitive NeurosciencePreferencias alimentariasHypothalamus:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]Development:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]Biologylcsh:RC321-571adipogenesisÁcidos oléicosAnsiedadRatas03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineHipocampomedicineMaternal diet:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]endocannabinoids:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions::Anxiety [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatrydevelopmentÁcido araquidónicoCacaoPalmitoylethanolamideLactancia:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Amino Alcohols::Ethanolamines [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryDestete:Organisms::Eukaryota::Plants::Viridiplantae::Streptophyta::Embryophyta::Angiosperms::Sterculiaceae::Cacao [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions [Medical Subject Headings]MadresGlicéridosÁcidos palmíticos030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEndocannabinoidsNeuroscienceFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
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Mechanistic study of the biosynthesis of R-phenylcarbinol by acetohydroxyacid synthase enzyme using hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simu…

2021

Abstract The biosynthesis of R-phenylacetylcarbinol (R-PAC) by the acetohydroxy acid synthase, (AHAS) is addressed by molecular dynamics simulations (MD), hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM), and QM/MM free energy calculations. The results show the reaction starts with the nucleophilic attack of the C2α atom of the HEThDP intermediate on the Cβ atom of the carbonyl group of benzaldehyde substrate via the formation of a transition state (TS1) with the HEThDP intermediate under 4′-aminopyrimidium (APH+) form. The calculated activation free energy for this step is 17.4 kcal mol−1 at 27 °C. From this point, the reaction continues with the abstraction of Hβ atom of the HEThDP in…

0301 basic medicinechemistry.chemical_classification030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyBiophysicsSubstrate (chemistry)Molecular Dynamics SimulationBiochemistryMolecular mechanicsBenzaldehydeAcetolactate Synthase03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamics030104 developmental biologychemistryCatalytic cycleNucleophileYlideQuantum mechanicsAtomQuantum TheoryMolecular BiologyBenzyl AlcoholsArchives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
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Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers

2017

indexation en cours; PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current review summarizes and discusses current knowledge on sweeteners and sweetness enhancers. RECENT FINDINGS: The perception of sweet taste is mediated by the type 1 taste receptor 2 (T1R2)/type 1 taste receptor 3 (T1R3) receptor, which is expressed in the oral cavity, where it provides input on the caloric and macronutrient contents of ingested food. This receptor recognizes all the compounds (natural or artificial) perceived as sweet by people. Sweeteners are highly chemically diverse including natural sugars, sugar alcohols, natural and synthetic sweeteners, and sweet-tasting proteins. This single receptor is also the target for developing …

0301 basic medicineobesitysweetener[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionreceiverMedicine (miscellaneous)PharmacologyOral cavityReceptors G-Protein-Coupled03 medical and health sciencesSugar AlcoholsTaste receptorgoût sucréDietary CarbohydratesAnimalsHumansSteviaMedicinesweet taste receptorNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologyTaste Perceptionfood and beveragesSweet tasteSweetnessobésité030104 developmental biologycarbohydrateSweetening AgentsTastebusinessrécepteur[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritiondiabète
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Acetogenins from Annonaceae: Recent Progress in Isolation, Synthesis and Mechanisms of Action

2005

Covering: the literature from 1998 to 2004 The aim of the present review is to summarise the knowledge about newly isolated acetogenins (ACGs) in the last six years. It will also report the total syntheses that have allowed either the confirmation or the revision of some structures, together with the biological activities and mechanism of action of such interesting natural products. In fact, of the 417 isolated compounds reviewed, over 176 have been added during the period from 1998 to 2004.

AcetogeninsIsolation (health care)StereochemistryAnnonacinAnnonaceaeComputational biologyBiochemistryLactoneschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineMolecular StructureTraditional medicinebiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicAction (philosophy)Mechanism of actionAnnonaceaeAcetogeninFatty AlcoholsAnnonaceous Acetogeninsmedicine.symptomBullatacinChemInform
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Inhibitory effects on mitochondrial complex I of semisynthetic mono-Tetrahydrofuran acetogenin derivatives

2003

Modifications in the terminal alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-methyl-gamma-lactone moiety or in the alkyl chain that links this terminal gamma-lactone with the alpha,alpha'-dihydroxylated THF system of the natural mono-tetrahydrofuranic acetogenins, annonacin and annonacinone, led to the preparation of eight semisynthetic derivatives. Their inhibitory effects on mitochondrial complex I is discussed and compared with that of the classical complex I inhibitor, rotenone.

AcetogeninsStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryRespiratory chainAnnonacinPharmaceutical ScienceBiochemistryChemical synthesisLactoneschemistry.chemical_compoundMultienzyme ComplexesDrug DiscoveryMoietyNADH NADPH OxidoreductasesEnzyme InhibitorsFuransMolecular BiologyTetrahydrofuranchemistry.chemical_classificationElectron Transport Complex IOrganic ChemistryRotenoneKineticschemistryAcetogeninMolecular MedicineFatty AlcoholsLactoneBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
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Beta-adrenergic blocking activity and haemodynamic effects in man of K� 1313, a new beta-adrenergic antagonist

1971

The beta-adrenergic blocking activity and haemodynamic effects of o-[2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)-propoxy]-benzonitril (Ko 1313) have been studied in 22 patients. Antagonism of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia was used as a measure of the beta-adrenergic blocking activity. Ko 1313 1.0 mg had its maximum beta-adrenoceptor blocking effect 5–30 min after intravenous injection. Ko 1313 10.0 mg produced maximum betablockade 1–4 h after oral administration. 1.0 mg Ko 1313 injected intravenously had approximately the same beta-adrenergic blocking effect as 1.0 mg propranolol also given intravenously. After intravenous administration Ko 1313 was 3–4 times as potent as the same dose given orally. A…

AdultTachycardiamedicine.medical_specialtyCardiac outputAdolescentAdrenergic receptorCardiac VolumeAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAdministration OralBlood Pressure1-PropanolPropranololPharmacologyElectrocardiographyHeart RateOral administrationInternal medicineNitrilesHeart ratemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Cardiac OutputPharmacologyBeta-adrenergic blocking agentPropylaminesbusiness.industryHemodynamicsIsoproterenolGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedAmino AlcoholsPropranololDose–response relationshipEndocrinologyInjections IntravenousSympatholyticsVascular Resistancemedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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Unsaturated syn- and anti-1,2-Amino Alcohols by Cyclization of Allylic Bis-trichloroacetimidates. Stereoselectivity Dependence on Substrate Configura…

2014

Disubstituted allylic bis-imidates undergo Lewis acid catalyzed or spontaneous cyclization to oxazolines, which are precursors of unsaturated amino alcohols. Stereoselectivity of the cyclization is mainly determined by the substrate configuration. Highly selective cis-oxazoline formation is achieved starting from anti-E-bis-imidates while trans-oxazoline predominantly forms from anti-Z-bis-imidates. On the basis of DFT calculations, the stereoselectivity trends can be explained by the formation of the energetically most stable carbenium ion conformation, followed by the cyclization via most favorable bond rotations.

Allylic rearrangementChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryMolecular ConformationSubstrate (chemistry)StereoisomerismStereoisomerismHighly selectiveAmino AlcoholsCatalysisCarbenium ionchemistry.chemical_compoundCyclizationAcetamidesQuantum TheoryChloroacetatesStereoselectivityLewis acids and basesOxazolesThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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X-ray analysis on the nanogram to microgram scale using porous complexes

2012

X-ray single-crystal diffraction (SCD) analysis has the intrinsic limitation that the target molecules must be obtained as single crystals. Here we report a protocol for SCD analysis that does not require the crystallization of the sample. In our method, tiny crystals of porous complexes are soaked in a solution of the target, such that the complexes can absorb the target molecules. Crystallographic analysis clearly determines the absorbed guest structures along with the host frameworks. Because the SCD analysis is carried out on only one tiny crystal of the complex, the required sample mass is of the nanogram–microgram order. We demonstrate that as little as about 80 nanograms of a sample …

Analytical chemistryCrystallography X-RayMass spectrometryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAbsorptionlaw.inventionCrystallawAnimalsNanotechnologyMoleculeCrystallizationta116Biological ProductsMultidisciplinaryChemistryMicrochemistryAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsPoriferaCharacterization (materials science)AlkynesFatty AlcoholsAbsorption (chemistry)CrystallizationPorous mediumPorosityNature
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